The villa, situated below Vesuvius on the ancient coastline, is slightly southeast of Naples. More than 1800 papyrus rolls were found in the library, along with many fabulous treasures. The house was likely owned by Julius Caesar's father-in-law, Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesonius.

There were no passenger ships in ancient Rome. People who chose to travel by sea would need to locate a merchant ship, obtain the captain's approval, then negotiate a price. Passengers had to supply most of their necessities, including servants.

Jewish pilgrims were expected to financially support the Jerusalem community. These expenditures included lodging, food, and sacrifices.

Marcus Aurelius' victory column stands in Piazza Colonna, Rome, and was erected using 26 drums of Luna marble. The hollow column has a 200-step spiral staircase accessed through a doorway in the base. After Marcus Aurelius' death in AD 180, it was used to house his remains.

"I came; I saw; I conquered" is a Latin phrase attributed to Julius Caesar in his 47 BC letter to the Roman Senate. It refers to his swift and conclusive victory at the Battle of Zeta.

Joseph Caiaphas, high priest of the temple in Jerusalem from AD 27 to AD 36, played a key role in the trial and execution of Jesus Christ. Caiaphas accused Him of blasphemy and sedition, the latter being punishable by crucifixion under Roman law.

Augustus was the great-nephew of Julius Caesar. He did not learn of his adoption until after Julius' assassination and the subsequent reading of his uncle's will.

John F. Kennedy quoted Luke in his January 9th, 1961, The City Upon a Hill Speech to the Massachusetts State Legislature, Boston.

Tiberius was highly superstitious and had many eccentric habits. Believing it would insure well-being, he wore a bag around his neck containing the hair and nails of the crucified. Indeed, he lived until he was 77. (See Tiberius)

Villa Jovis was the largest of Tiberius' twelve palaces on the island of Capri. South of the main building was a watchtower (specula) for the telegraphic exchange of smoke messages.